Spora Kapang, Khamir dan Bakteri
Spora Kapang, Khamir dan Bakteri MOLD SPORES Molds form spores by both asexual and sexual reproduction and on this basis are classified as perfect or imperfect molds, respectively. Molds form large numbers of asexual spores and, depending on the type, can form conidia, sporangiaspores, and arthrospores. Conidia are produced on special fertile hyphae called conidiophores (Figure 8.1). Among the important molds in food, Aspergillus and Penicillium species form conidia. Sporangiospores are formed in a sack (sporangium) at the tip of a fertile hypha (sporangiophores). Mucor and Rhizopus species are examples of molds that form sporangiospores. Arthrospores, formed by the segmentation of a hypha, are produced by Geotrichum . An asexual spore in a suitable environment germinates to form a hypha and resumes growth to produce the thallus. Sexual spores form from the union of the tips of two hyphae, two gametes, or two cells. However, among the molds important in food, sexual reprodu